Cadences: Musical Punctuation
Learn about the different types of cadences and how they create a sense of pause or finality in music.

Cadences are like punctuation marks in music. They are sequences of chords that conclude a phrase, section, or an entire piece. Understanding cadences is key to analyzing how music flows and creates feelings of rest, tension, or surprise.

A cadence is a harmonic progression, typically of two chords, that marks the end of a musical phrase or section. It provides a sense of closure or pause, similar to how commas, periods, or question marks function in written language.

Cadences are fundamental to establishing tonality and guiding the listener's expectations.

Key Idea:

Cadences create punctuation points in music, helping to define its structure and emotional impact.

Musical Phrase Ending with Cadence

Quick Check
Test your understanding.

Question 1: In the key of G Major, what chords form a Perfect Cadence?

Show Answer

D Major (V) to G Major (I).

Question 2: Which cadence is often called the "Amen" cadence?

Show Answer

Plagal Cadence (IV-I).

Question 3: If a phrase in D Major ends with an A Major chord, what type of cadence is it most likely to be?

Show Answer

Imperfect Cadence (since A Major is the V chord in D Major).

Lesson Summary

  • Cadences are harmonic progressions marking the end of phrases or sections.
  • Perfect Cadence (V-I or V-i): Strongest, final-sounding.
  • Plagal Cadence (IV-I or IV-i): "Amen" cadence, softer finality.
  • Imperfect Cadence (ending on V): Sounds unfinished, creates expectation.
  • Interrupted Cadence (V-VI or V-vi): Surprising, avoids expected resolution.
  • Understanding cadences helps in analyzing musical structure and expression.